Donetsk and Slaviansk, Reuters—Pro-Moscow rebel leaders in eastern Ukraine called on Monday for their region to become part of Russia after declaring victory in a weekend referendum on self-rule.

The separatist region of Donetsk appealed to Moscow to consider its absorption into the Russian Federation, a move that would echo the annexation of Ukraine’s Crimean peninsula after a similar referendum earlier this year.

The call is likely to anger the government in Kiev and Western nations that accuse Russia of stirring up unrest in the east following the overthrow of a pro-Moscow president in February by protesters demanding closer links with Europe.

“The people of Donetsk have always been part of the Russian world. For us, the history of Russia is our history,” said Denis Pushilin, a leading member of the self-declared “Donetsk People’s Republic.”

“Based on the will of the people and on the restoration of a historic justice, we ask the Russian Federation to consider the absorption of the Donetsk People’s Republic into the Russian Federation,” he told a news conference.

Moscow denies any ambitions to absorb the mainly Russian-speaking east into the Russian Federation. However, it has massed troops on the Ukrainian border, and Kiev fears they may be sent in.

Ukrainian President Oleksandr Turchynov accused Russia of working to overthrow legitimate state power in Ukraine.

He said the Kremlin was trying to disrupt a presidential election later this month, which is taking center stage in a confrontation pitting Moscow and the separatists against the government in Kiev and its Western backers.

RIA news agency quoted a rebel leader as saying the eastern Luhansk region would boycott the May 25 election. What he called the “Republic of Luhansk” may hold a further referendum on union with Russia, as Ukraine’s Crimea region did under Russian military occupation before its annexation by Moscow in March.

Ukraine’s election is intended to secure democratic continuity and legitimacy after pro-Moscow president Viktor Yanukovych fled the country in February, and Western governments have threatened more sanctions in the vital areas of energy, financial services and engineering if Moscow disrupts the vote.

Moscow said it respected the outcome of Sunday’s referendums, in which separatists claimed 80 percent support in the industrial Donetsk region, while RIA, a Russian state news agency, reported 96.2 percent backing in Luhansk region.

The results should be implemented peacefully, Russia said, without saying what further action it might take.

Eastern Ukraine has been plagued by turmoil as Kiev has tried to regain control, and authorities said 49 people have been killed in violence in the region of Donetsk since March 13.

The European Union declared the referendums illegal and increased pressure on Russia on Monday by taking a first step towards extending sanctions to companies, as well as people, linked to Crimea’s annexation.

However, revealing cracks in the West’s united front, diplomatic sources said France would press ahead with a 1.7 billion US dollar contract to sell helicopter carrier ships to Russia because cancelling the deal would do more damage to Paris than to Moscow.

The rebels have given differing accounts of their plans. However, one spokesman said these did not include taking part in electing a replacement for Turchynov, who has been acting president since pro-EU protesters forced Yanukovych from office.

“As of today, we are now the Republic of Luhansk, which believes it to be inappropriate and perhaps even stupid to hold a presidential election,” RIA cited the spokesman as saying.

Some rebels have publicly supported pressing for annexation by Russia.

“This land was never Ukraine . . . We speak Russian,” said Vyacheslav Ponomaryov, rebel mayor of the separatist stronghold of Slaviansk, who threatened to kick out the Ukrainian army.

Asked about the possibility of holding a second referendum, on union with Russia, he said: “There has been no decision, but this referendum showed we are prepared . . . We can put on an election or referendum at short notice at barely any cost.”

Ukrainian Interior Minister Arsen Avakov said rebels had made a new attempt overnight to seize a television tower on the edge of Slaviansk, heartland of a rebellion that has reduced relations between Russia and the West to their lowest point since the fall of the Berlin Wall.

“The information war that they are waging against us in the Donbass [east] is more dangerous than a bullet. We must answer back . . . The enemy fears this more than special forces,” he wrote on Facebook.

But there was some hint of compromise in the port city of Mariupol, scene of fierce fighting between Ukrainian forces and rebels over the last week.

Turchynov said local police had begun patrols with a volunteer militia set up by a company, Metinvest, mostly owned by Ukraine’s wealthiest businessman, Rinat Akhmetov.

Turchynov dismissed the separatist vote as a farce.

“These processes are inspired by the leadership of the Russian Federation and are destructive to the Donetsk and Luhansk regions’ economies, threaten the lives and welfare of citizens and have the aim of destabilising the situation in Ukraine, disrupting presidential elections and overthrowing Ukrainian authorities,” he said in a statement.

The referendum opened a new phase of uncertainty in a country historically divided between a Russian-speaking east and a more westward-looking west. One man was killed in a confrontation on Sunday between a National Guard unit and a crowd of pro-Russian activists.

Russian President Vladimir Putin, who is in the Black Sea resort of Sochi, did not comment personally, but the Kremlin released a statement on the referendum.

“We condemn the use of force, including of heavy weapons against civilians . . . In Moscow, we respect the will of the people of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions and are counting on practical implementation of the outcome of the referendum in a civilized manner, without any repeat of violence and through dialogue,” it said.

European Union foreign ministers added two Crimean companies and 13 people to the bloc’s sanctions list, EU diplomats said. These are in addition to 48 Russians and Ukrainians who have already been targeted with EU asset freezes and visa bans.

But the EU remains far behind the United States in the severity of the sanctions it has imposed on Russia. Some European governments fear tough trade sanctions on Russia could undermine their own economies, just recovering from the financial crisis, and provoke Russian retaliation.